Health of Indigenous Peoples Essay

This article tries to show that while Indigenous wellbeing approach may have been on the Australian open strategy plan since the1960s, the hole among Indigenous and non-Indigenous wellbeing has remained. A short portrayal of the lives of Indigenous Australians preceding the colonization of Australia is given, trailed by a depiction of different arrangements that have been acquainted by the Australian government with battle these disparities. This article shows why these arrangements have been deficient, thus featuring why the joining of Indigenous information in making Indigenous wellbeing strategies is significant. This paper closes with a concise assessment of the Closing the Gap strategy, which is using the information on Indigenous Australians in making socially touchy Indigenous wellbeing strategies. Taking everything into account, this article exhibits that by remembering Indigenous Australians for the policymaking procedure, we may be beginning to close the hole. The wellbeing disparity of Indigenous Australians has for some time been a worry for Australia and the world. While the general strength of Australia has kept on improving, the wellbeing of Indigenous Australians stays at levels underneath those of non-indigenous Australians. While it might appear that there is a ton being done to address these issues, the measurements show that strategies executed to address these issues have not been viable (Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet 2010; Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2010, p. 29). The postulation of this paper is that while the legislature has been viewed as endeavoring to address the issues of wellbeing imbalances of Indigenous Australians, it is just as of late that the administration has executed projects that are anyplace close to near shutting the hole among Indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. To exhibit this proposal, this paper will right off the bat talk about the historical backdrop of Indigenous wellbeing before colonization. This will be done to feature how Indigenous wellbeing has declined drastically since colonization. This article will at that point examine what the legislature has been doing since the 1967 choice, wherein Indigenous Australians were officially perceived in the Constitution, to address issues of wellbeing disparities (Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet 2010). In the following segment, a conversation on the reasons why there is a huge hole among Indigenous and non-indigenous wellbeing will happen. This will be trailed by a conversation on the use of Indigenous information to give satisfactory wellbeing administrations. This paper will at long last talk about the present Closing The Gap arrangement (Australian Human Rights Commission 2011), which has been acquainted with address gives that past approaches have neglected to. This will be done to feature the way that while it might appear that as the Indigenous populace require the information and help of its non-indigenous partners, what is obvious is that wellbeing of Indigenous populaces has in truth declined since the colonization of Australia. Neglecting to perceive the connection among's colonization and declining strength of Indigenous individuals, will just observe a continuation of the issue as opposed to seeing a positive change. While the data relating to the strength of Indigenous Australians before colonization in 1788 has all the earmarks of being scant, what is known is that Indigenous wellbeing has been on the decrease since the appearance of European pilgrims. Indigenous Australians were viewed as more advantageous than those of their colonizers (Flood 2006, p. 120). Before colonization, there was no contact with the outside world and thusly irresistible sicknesses were negligible. Because of the presentation of new diseases from colonization, the number of inhabitants in Indigenous Australians declined (Carson 2007, p. 43). It was additionally normal for Indigenous ladies to contract sexual sicknesses from the frequently non-consensual contact with the colonizers (Carson 2007, p. 44). Wellbeing was likewise affected upon by change in diet. Before colonization, Indigenous Australians kept up an eating regimen of protein and vegetables because of the creatures and plants accessible to them (Flood 2006, p.120), just as the activity they kept up from chasing and assembling (Flood 2006, p. 122). After colonization, the Indigenous eating regimen included numerous nourishments which saw an expansion in stoutness, diabetes and coronary illness (O’Dea 1991, p. 233). It was not simply the presentation of illness and change in pass on that affected upon Indigenous Australians’ wellbeing. Anthropological investigations encompassing Indigenous culture have indicated that Indigenous populaces have close connections to the land, as the land is joined into their feeling of being. Parcels had a place with specific gatherings of people, and the items from the characteristic scene were viewed as a feature of their history (Carson 2007, p. 180). It was the disappointment of colonizers to comprehend this perspective that has added to the decay of psychological well-being among Indigenous Australians, as they were constrained off their territories and into settlements and stores (Carson 2007, p. 49). This added to the sentiment of being detached from land and family, fueling sentiments of not be aching, absence of character and low confidence (Ypinazar et al.2007,p. 474). As should be obvious, the issue of wellbeing among Indigenous Australians is an unpredictable one, muddled by the contrasting scene perspectives on Indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. It is because of this absence of understanding that has brought about a heap of wellbeing arrangements that have endeavored to address the issue of wellbeing disparity of Indigenous Australians. The principal wellbeing approach to address the medical problems of Indigenous Australians was executed in 1968, with thirty five changes made among at that point and 2006. Without delving into the subtleties of each correction or new arrangement, what was normal all through this timetable, was that there were different bodies and foundations made to address the issues that had not been enough tended to beforehand, obligations were distributed by the administration to the states and regions, and projects were actualized to address medical problems. Change in governments likewise implied that arrangements were continually changing, which implied that the manners by which medical problems were seen and along these lines tended to likewise changed (Australian Indigenous Health InfoNet 2010). When endeavoring to actualize a strategy that will sufficiently address the issue, what has been discovered is that relative investigation has been utilized to decide how medical problems have been tended to in different nations. While this sort of investigation might be adequate in certain conditions, it sometimes falls short for such a circumstance where our Indigenous population’s culture and perspective is not normal for that of some other. For instance, while medical problems might be like those of Indigenous populaces somewhere else, perspectives which sway upon wellbeing and prosperity will shift and will most likely be unable to be applied starting with one culture then onto the next (Tsey et al.2003, p. 36). One occasion that features the contrasting perspectives on how issues ought to be tended to, was the shutting down of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) by the John Howard Government in 2004 (Australian Indigenous Health InfoNet2010). What was huge about this was Indigenous wellbeing strategy had been the duty of ATSIC. This activity viably expelled the duty of Indigenous wellbeing from the Indigenous individuals and put the obligation with standard offices that were additionally liable for non-indigenous wellbeing. By doing this, the legislature had twisted back numerous long periods of work to address the wellbeing imbalances of Indigenous Australians, seeing Indigenous Australians as a culture that couldn't take care of themselves and required rather the information and aptitude of the predominant colonialists (Kay and Perrin 2007, p. 19). By expelling the duty of Indigenous wellbeing from ATSIC and setting it in the hands of a body that was likewise answerable for non-indigenous wellbeing, the administration neglected to comprehend the complexities of Indigenous Australian culture and the suggestions that this sort of activity can have on Indigenous wellbeing. While the general strength of Australians is among the top third of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) nations (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2010, p. 8). There is an unmistakable uniqueness among Indigenous and non-indigenous wellbeing, when one thinks about that even these days of present day medication, Indigenous Australians are relied upon to live twelve years not exactly their non-indigenous partners for guys, and ten years less for females (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2010, p. 29). So what are viewed as the explanations behind this disparity? What has just been featured, is that Indigenous wellbeing has experienced the prologue to changes in diet, presentation of illnesses both airborne and venereal, and the effect upon psychological well-being because of dispossession of land and loss of connection. Psychological wellness issues can likewise be associated with the monetary and social inconvenience of numerous Indigenous people, which can prompt substance misuse and different issues (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2010, p. 33). The inability to satisfactorily address psychological wellness issues has brought about passings by self destruction being the second main motivation for passings by injury (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2010, p. 30). These figures show that strategies have obviously not been working. A striking point to note is that Indigenous Australians are the most unrealistic gathering of the entire populace, to get to significant wellbeing administrations. So what are the purposes for this absence of access to administrations? It tends to be as straightforward as the sort of administration that an individual gets. From individual experience of serving Indigenous clients, manner of speaking can be misconstrued. What might be conside

Epitomes of Fantasy in the Bedford Essay Example For Students

Encapsulations of Fantasy in the Bedford Essay Unique images of magnificence and objects of imagination transform into nauseate instigating structures looking like hands. Hopping directly into a cold marriage with dreams of everlasting affection is the ruin of one marriage while a skin coloration which was said to have added to the fascination turns into the unequivocal key to death in another. Both The Hand by Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette and The Birthmark by Nathaniel Hawthorne offer voice to ladies who, in some structure, experience a hand that they initially respect however which very not long after marriage gets frightful. Hands, marriage and male mastery are for the most part key factors inside the two stories. The youthful spouse in Colettes story is presented lying close to her better half, in comfortable yet peculiarly unexpected environmental factors in comparison to in what she grew up. While he rests, she attracts her psyche the subtleties that are molding and illustrating their alienated marriage. Too glad to even consider sleeping (Bedford 259), she contemplates internally happily. She feels a tremor experience the arm she lies upon and looks at the hand that the arm is joined to. Gazing at it, various musings go through her head and she gets hypnotized by it, getting stunned in its portrayal and turning out to be alarmed when an electric shock went through the hand (Bedford 260). The words start to stream and the hand has now gotten disgusting and apelike. Hawthornes youthful spouse, Georgina, is likewise captivated with a hand, not of the physical structure however as a skin coloration upon her left cheek. It has been so regularly considered an appeal that I was basic enough to en vision it may be so (Bedford 402), she answers to her significant other, Aylmer. The sentiments and looks from Aylmer in the long run change Georginas viewpoint and she starts to abhor the blemish on her cheek: Not even Aylmer now abhorred it to such an extent as she (Bedford 408). This change of perspectives on a specific article going from like to despise is one of the center comparative components in the two stories. Both Colette and Hawthornes female characters are as of late wedded to man whom the two of them think they love. For the youthful spouse, her marriage is an adjustment in condition and a fantasy like state, however strict reality for this situation, to an as of late bereft man whose foundation she doesn't have the foggiest idea. For Georgina, her marriage is to a researcher, notable for his successful revelations, and who at first loves her for her ideal looks. The youthful spouse acknowledges through the massive hand that she has gotten herself into a predicament that she could not escape anymore, a marriage where love was not the main factor and the integral factor becomes something she profoundly laments. Georgina turns out to be very much aware of the sicken her significant other has for the blemish all over and she speculates that the affection that drove him to wed her was gradually losing the fight with the appall that turns out to be obviously apparent in his responses after observing her face. The two relationships start to fall apart and in the two cases, a night of profound perception was all it took. As the youthful spouse has just known her significant other for a month, she goes to an acknowledgment while gazing down at his hand. Her feelings of dread articulate mindfulness about her spouses hand: solid and in a distinction way; it has a place with a man who practices authority, perhaps unfairly and abusively. Colettes inconspicuous utilization of the hand is past anatomical: it is the terminal piece of the human arm utilized for holding and getting a handle on, an instrument utilized to benefit mankind yet in addition used to carry on brutally and savagely. A similar subject of mastery by a man shows up in Hawthornes piece. Aylmers choice to evacuate Georginas skin pigmentation turns into a strong decision, one that Georgina can't deny on the off chance that she is ever to completely have her spouses love without his shivers of aversion. All His responses triggers her own appall with her damaged face and the need to get ideal for him drives her to settle on an official conclus ion of drinking the creation which he blended to expel her imprint from inside. However this expulsion of natures imperfection removes her humankind and the basic explanation was her spouses commanding regardless of how accidental strategy. .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9 , .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9 .postImageUrl , .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9 , .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9:hover , .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9:visited , .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9:active { border:0!important; } .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9:active , .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9:hover { mistiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relativ e; } .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content improvement: underline; } .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content adornment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u 27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u27cbde155683ea973e51c19a087ea6b9:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: To Kill a Mockingbird - Assignment - Theme of Prejudice EssayThe connecting factor between Colettes piece and Hawthornes piece was a hand that, however at first innocuous, turned into the unequivocal factor in at last bombed relationships.

Various Methods of Remunerating Employees - Free Essay Example

Introduction Rewards can be defined as the compensations and benefits received by an employee in exchange for their services (Torrington Et al, 2014). Remuneration forms an important subset of the total rewards and comprises of those elements that can be valued in monetary terms (Jiang Et al, 2009). Effective remuneration strategy often underpins the success of the business as it is considered as one of the key factors to attract and motivate human capital. Herzberg (1993) asserts that inadequate remuneration is one of the key factors causing dissatisfaction amongst employees. The term remuneration is often associated with basic pay. However, remuneration is a much broader term and can encompass a wide range of techniques for rewarding employees in the form of salaries, bonuses, piece based remuneration, commission, employee stock options, fringe benefits, deferred considerations, performance related pay and profit sharing amongst many others (Torrington Et al, 2014). One of the major challenges for organisations in the contemporary business environment is that of employee motivation. Motivation can be defined as the degree to which individual wants and chooses to engage in certain specified behaviour (Mullins, 2002, p.418). The purpose of this essay is to critically examine various methods of employee remuneration and assess its role in strategic management of human resources for an organisation by shedding light on its key ad vantages and disadvantages. The essay will finally conclude by analysing if a particular method of remunerating employees fits all situations or is preferred over other means of remuneration. Different methods of remuneration Performance related pay scheme: As the name suggests, performance related pay schemes reward employees by linking the level of reward with the performance of the employees (Perry, Engbers, and Jun, 2009). Typical examples of performance related pay include bonuses, commissions and deferred considerations. One of the key advantages of performance related remuneration is that it provides an effective means of rewarding by distinguishing between good and poor performers (Torrington Et al, 2014). Other advantages of performance related pay are increased motivation amongst employees to improve performance, attract and retain high performers and talented individuals, and ultimately improve corporate performance (Torrington Et al, 2014). Nonetheless, empirical evidence highlights that the performance related pay has often been ineffective (Frey and Osterloh, 2012). Frey and Osterloh (2012) also highlight that the link between the increases in performance related pay and corporate performance has remained weak. Perfor mance related pay is also criticised for inciting employees to take dysfunctional decisions, as it acts as an inducement for employees to take greater risks which could put an organisations survival at stake (Frey and Osterloh, 2012). Performance related pay may also lead to conflict of interest for the employees by inducing them to focus exclusively on areas that impact their pay and ignore other important tasks that may be in the long term interest of the company. Performance related pay might often supress the intrinsic motivation of employees (Frey and Osterloh, 2012, p.2). Amabile (1998, p.79) asserts that intrinsic motivation reflects employees passion and interest in work, which has a stronger impact on the performance of an employee and the business. Lastly, Maslows theory of motivation elucidates that within every individual there are hierarchy of five needs basic physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness needs, esteem needs and self-actualisation needs (Maslow, 194 3). Maslow asserts (1943, p.363) that the needs lower than the self-esteem needs can be accomplished through remuneration, whereas the higher level needs of esteem and self-actualisation for the senior management are unlikely to be achieved through extrinsic rewards, such as performance related pay. Thus, it may not act as a motivational factor for the senior management. Profit Sharing In the contemporary times, increased numbers of business organisations have started linking the level of remuneration offered to the employees with the profits of the organisation (Torrington Et al, 2014). Stock options are a common example of this type of remuneration. One of the key advantages of this remuneration policy is deemed to be higher level of commitment by the employee towards the company because of increased level of mutual interest (Torrington Et al, 2014). Other common advantage of profit sharing schemes is deemed to be change in attitude of workers due to increased sense of belongingness with the company (Rappaport, 1999). Amabile (1998) asserts that feeling of increased sense of belongingness leads to intrinsic motivation which has a more direct and stronger relationship with companys performance. However, Empirical evidence highlights a lack of evidence of relationship between this type of remuneration and performance of the company (Rappaport 1999). One of the key criticisms of this type of remuneration is that any improvement in companys performance will reward both good and bad performers, resulting in poor motivation for high performers as they may feel that part of the reward that they deserve is being enjoyed by the low performers (Rappaport 1999). Furthermore, sometimes profit based remuneration policies might fail to motivate the employees as they often feel share prices are undervalued despite of business outperforming the forecasts (Rappaport 1999). Lastly, Kohn (1993) argues that shareholders expect the board to reward employees when the company has outperformed the market. However, empirical evidence highlights that for executives to exercise the option profitably, the performance of the company need not be superior and executive can easily benefit in the times of rising market (Rappaport 1999). Thus, if employees feel that the movement in share prices are independent of their performance, there is a risk that profit based rem uneration scheme may not act as motivational factor. Piece Based Remuneration Piece based remuneration scheme is historically one of the most commonly used incentive schemes in practice for manual workers and is based on the number of items they produce or the number of hours worked by them (Torrington Et al, 2014). Typical examples of piece based remuneration schemes include individual time saving scheme, measured day work schemes, group incentives, plant wide bonus schemes and commissions (Torrington Et al, 2014). Advantages of such schemes typically include increased level of control by the management over the production process and it also acts as a cost control measure because the workers main goal is to do the task expediently and efficiently in order to achieve the goal (Kohn, 1993). Furthermore, Maslows theory of motivation (1943), as mentioned above, highlights that extrinsic rewards, such as piece based remuneration, might act as a motivational factor for manual workers because these workers are likely to have the lower level needs as per Maslows t heory. Like other types of remuneration, piece based remuneration has its own set of disadvantages. Remunerations such as group incentives and plant wide bonus schemes lead to additional pressure on employees and create interpersonal animosities because of high performers not being able to receive the incentives due to some low performers in the group (Torrington Et al, 2014). Furthermore, time saving schemes and measured day work schemes may act as a deterrent to creativity, as individual employees focus is on standardisation and predictability in order to complete the work in the minimum possible time (Kohn, 1993). Herzberg (2003) motivation hygiene theory suggests that job satisfactions and job dissatisfactions are two independent experiences. Whilst extrinsic rewards, such as piece based remuneration, can help the manual workers to avoid job dissatisfaction, it might not lead to job satisfaction as the employees are not intrinsically motivated by the work itself. Skill Based Pay This is a remuneration policy where employees are remunerated based on the skills and competencies they possess (Armstrong, 2002). One of the biggest advantages of skill based remuneration is that it promotes employees to acquire multiple skills, thereby, offering flexibility to the organisation in terms of using same employees for various purposes and responding to customer needs more efficiently (Torrington Et al, 2014). Such remuneration schemes also enable organisations to attract and retain skilled employees easily compared to their competitors as people are likely to be rewarded appropriately for the skills they possess under this scheme (Torrington Et al, 2014). Potential disadvantages with this scheme is that costs often outweighs the benefits if the increase in productivity is not enough to compensate the increased cost of hiring and training skilled employees (Armstrong, 2002). As business operates in a dynamic environment, there is a risk of skills obsolescence and as sociated high cost of training. Lastly, the business might also bear the risk of losing a skilled employee, on whom the business has invested a significant amount in training, to a competitor due to a highly competitive labour market (Torrington Et al 2014). Flexible and Fringe Remuneration Fringe benefits can be defined as the benefits in kind provided to the employees and have substantially growth in the recent years (Armstrong, 2002). The value of the fringe benefits paid to the employees reflect approximately twenty to fifty percent of the remuneration and typically includes benefits like pensions, company cars, sick pay, private health insurance, mobile phones, staff discounts, maternity or paternity pay, crÃÆ'Â ¨che facilities and relocation expense amongst many others (Torrington Et al, 2014). Flexible benefits provide options to the employees to decide how their remuneration should be structured (Torrington Et al, 2014). Under such schemes, the gross value of the remuneration package is determined by the employer; however, the employees have the flexibility to choose the mix of cash and other benefits as a part of remuneration package (Dychtwald, Erickson, and Morison, 2006). Examples of flexible benefits include the option to choose between additional ho lidays, access to company crÃÆ'Â ¨che, childcare vouchers or cash, amongst many others. The advantages of flexible benefits include the potential of increased employee motivation as they end up getting the rewards they desire. Savings in social security taxes could also be made through comprising the salary for the desired benefits that might attract a lower level of tax (Thomsons, 2015). Furthermore, research has highlighted that flexible remuneration programs contribute to attracting new employees, improve retention of existing employees and improve employee engagement (Thomsons, 2015). The primary disadvantage of flexible benefits remuneration schemes is increased cost burden for the employer due to rise in the amount of administrative work related to managing the individual choices of employees (Armstrong, 2002). Another criticism of flexible remuneration policy is that the expensive company cars and glamorous lifestyle provided to employees have contributed little towards developing long term commitment towards the business organisation and retention of employees (Thrope and Homan, 2000). Empirical evidence highlights that the employees do not completely understand the value of the flexible benefits and there is little evidence of the positive motivational impact of these remuneration policies on the employees (Torrington Et al, 2014). Nonetheless, it does not indicate that employees do not value the presence of these benefits and are likely to resist their removal (Torrington Et al, 2014). Conclusion Based on the discussions in the sections above, it is evident that each method of remunerating employees has certain advantages associated with it. However, Maslows theory of motivation and Herzberg hygiene factors, as discussed above, have highlighted a common issue across all forms of remuneration, i.e. the extent to which extrinsic rewards can contribute to motivating an individual employee, thereby, improving the companys performance. Kohn (1993, p.1) asserts that whether remuneration is performance based, profit based or piece based, it might motivate employees in the short run, but would not contribute to long term commitment towards the company. Nonetheless, it is not deniable that remuneration plays an important role in influencing employees decision regarding the long term commitment towards the company. However, no one method of remuneration is deemed to be recommended over another method and a business might use a combination of methods to remunerate the employees acc ording to the needs and motivations of the employees. Employees at lower level might be motivated by the prospects of better remuneration through different tools; however, for senior management self-esteem and self-actualisation needs would need to be satisfied in order to motivate them. Thus, rewards needs to be carefully crafted to support one another and incorporate both financial and non-financial remuneration. References Armstrong, M., 2002, Employee Reward: People and Organisation, Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, pp. 410 420 Dychtwald, K., Erickson, T., and Morison, R., 2006, Flexible Compensation and Benefits: Why Variety Will Rule and How to Leverage it, Harvard Business Review, pp. 1 9. Frey, B. and Osterloh, M., 2012, Stop Tying Pay to Performance. The Evidence is Overwhelming: It doesnt work, Harvard Business Review, pp.1 -7. Herzberg, F., 2003, One More Time How Do You Motivate Employees?, Harvard Business Review on Motivating People, Harvard Business School Press, pp. 45-71 Jiang, Z., Xiao, Q., Qi, H., and Xiao, L., 2009, Total Reward Strategy: A Human Resources Management Strategy Going with the Trends of the Times, International Journal of Business and Management, vol. 4 (no. 11), pp. 177 183. Kohn, A., 1993, Why Incentive Plans Cannot Work, Harvard Business Review, pp. 1 19. Maslow, A., 1943, A Theory of Human Motivation, Psychological Review, vol. 50 (no. 4), pp. 370 396. Mullins, L.,2002, Management and Organisational Behaviour, Edinburgh Gate: Pearson Education Limited, pp. 410 420. Perry, J., Enbergs, T. and Jun, S., 2009, Back to the Future? Performance-Related Pay, Empirical Research, and the Perils of Persistence, Public Administration Review, vol. 69 (no. 1), pp.39-51 Rappaport, A., 1999, New Thinking on How to Link Executive Pay with Performance, Harvard Business Review, pp. 1 -23. Thomsons, 2015, Introduction to Flexible Benefits. Accessed on 25th May 2015 at : https://www.thomsons.com/resources/guides/intro-flexible-benefits Thrope, R. and Homan, G., 2000, Strategic Reward Management, Prentice Hall, pp.378 390. Torrington, D., Hall, L., Taylor, S. and Atkinson, C., 2014, Human Resource Management Ninth Edition, Pearson Education Limited, pp. 412 460.

Tobacco And Its Effects On Society - 956 Words

â€Å"Tobacco is an agricultural crop, most commonly used to make cigarettes. It is grown all over the world and supports a billion-dollar industry.† Tobacco is one of the huge issues that include people in our society. Many people are using sources that will bring up tobacco. Even though TVs, radios or cigarettes packs have warnings on them, people still continue to do it. The government should take more actions to this problem; actions that will make people want to realize the cause that is given to them. Tobacco may not seem to be dangerous but it has causes to humans. People may feel good when they smoke, do shisha or other tobacco related sources that include the same chemicals, but they do not realize the risks that tobacco brings. Therefore, tobacco use should be decreased. Tobacco will ruin the person’s inner system and will have serious conditions to the body. â€Å"According to ASH, Action on Smoking and Health, 100 million people died from tobacco-related diseases in the 20th century. Without action taken, 1 billion people could die this century from tobacco-related diseases.† Tobacco gives so many harms to human organs that will take them forward to death. People do not realize or care about how much diseases they get until they found it out. They should check their health and do something before it is too late or else they will be one of the 1 billion. 100 million is not a small number, it is actually a serious number that people should be worry about. They shouldShow MoreRelatedTobacco And Its Effect On Society831 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Tobacco or cigarette is a classical issue in the world. There is no exact evidence that states when did the smoking behaviour actually was started. 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If people are aware of the consequences of smoking anything from hookah to cigarettes may be used with the acknowledge of the effects. Many people

Leading Change Within An Organization - 808 Words

Leading change within an organization is challenging regardless of the leader adeptness. Therefore, there are ten necessities to potent transformation if the organization desires a positive outcome. 1. Communicate and then communicate more- it goes without saying communication should be early and often, and seems like this point is obvious when it comes to leading change. However, the significance of utilizing the correct technique is a critical component of communication. In essence, delivering appropriate messages, soliciting feedback, preparing those impact by the change, and motivating others to act aid in achieving the desired outcome (Gilley, Gilley, McMillan, 2009). Consequently, communications should be enthusiastic and impactful focusing on the benefits. 2. Expound on the rationale behind the change- leaders are culpable to motivate individuals on how the proposed modification will help them and the organization. Then, let everyone in the organization know the role they play in making the vision become a reality. In general, building consensus focuses on an explaining the efforts rather than forcing an approach down a person s throat. Finally, active leadership encourages employees to question the reasons to maintain a competitive advantage. 3. Solicit feedback and ask for perspective- To transform an organization, leaders must have their pulse on the thoughts of those charged with leading the alteration initiatives. 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Cheer Desription free essay sample

Informative Speech Preparation Outline Competitive Cheerleading I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: â€Å"Wanna know what it feels like to compete and have all eyes on you? , I am going to sum up what it means to have. B. Credibility Statement: Being a competitive varsity cheerleader for 4 years I know what it takes and what you have to show to get that perfect score. C. Significance Statement: Nearly 2000 teams compete nationwide in cheerleading each year. D. Identification Statement: Since most of us know a cheerleader or have seen a cheer performance in our lives, we should know a little more about cheerleading. E. Thesis Statement/Preview: Today, I will talk about what competitive cheerleading is, as well as the components of a cheerleading routine. II. Cheerleading has been around for decades but competitive cheerleading has just started making a name for itself over the last 10-20 years. A. Competitive cheerleading is a cheer teams’ routine that uses the elements of dancing, tumbling, and stunting for a performance. We will write a custom essay sample on Cheer Desription or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1. Many of us have seen movies show casing what competitive cheerleading is. 2. According to Varsity. om, the Universal Cheerleading Association or the UCA â€Å"holds approximately 100 competitions around the country from September to April every year. There are approximately 2000 teams that compete at UCA competitions each year. † B. Now, competitive cheerleading is making its way into the lime light trough television. 1. According to an article on line from the magazine â€Å"Cheerleader†, â€Å"The first nation-wide television broadcast of the Collegiate Cheerleading Championships on CBS-TV was in the Spring of 1978, initiated by the International Cheerleading Foundation. 2. It wasn’t till 1997 did ESPN start to broadcast cheerleading competitions, which really started bringing out the interest in the sport. 1 Transition: With the sport of competitive cheerleading growing people are learning more and more about what goes into that two and half minute perfor mance. III. Stunting, dancing, and crowd appeal are all huge areas that judges look at when judging a routine. A. Stunting is a huge part of cheerleading and usually the part that the audience is interested in most. 1. Judges look for variety of stunts and execution of those stunts. 2. Pyramids are another aspect of stunting that the judges look at closely. B. Dancing is an aspect of the routine that takes great coordination and difficulty. 1. Judges look for complete unison among the team when motions and or the dancing is taking place. 2. Uniqueness with dance and motions is something that can gain the squad extra points. C. Finally, the judges really look at how well the teams get the crowd excited and into the teams’ performance. . The performers’ smiles and facial expressions give a lot to the audience. 2. An interesting routine with multiple variations can really bring the audience enthusiasm to the routine being performed. Interaction with Audience * Play clip of the Bring It On performance * Have audience judge the performance and read off the one I filled to compare results. IV. Conclusion A. Closure Statement: Competitive cheerleading is growing sport that more and more peop le are getting involved with and taking a notice to. B. Restatement of Thesis: Today we talked about what competitive cheerleading is and the components of a cheerleading routine. C. Review of Main Points: Within the past 10 years competitive cheerleading has taken many leaps. Gaining its interest after being broadcasted on ESPN, and with multiple movies also showing what competitive cheerleading is the sport has gained numerous followers. Knowing what goes into these routines like the stunting and dancing really helps one understand what it takes to participate in the sport. D.

Twas The Night Before Finals Essays - , Term Papers

Twas The Night Before Finals Twas the night before finals, and all through the college, The students were praying for last minute knowledge. Most were quete sleepy, but none touched their beds, While visions of essays danced in their heads. Out in the taverns, a few were still drinking, And hoping that liquor would loosen up their thinking. In my own room, I had been pacing, And dreading exams I soon would be facing. My roommate was speechless, his nose in his books, And my comments to him drew unfriendly looks. I drained all the coffee, and smoked soom more pot, No longer caring that my nerves were shot. I stared at my notes, but my thoughts were muddy, My eyes went ablur, I just couldn't study. some pizza might help, I said with a shiver, But each plase I called refused to deliver. I'd nearly concluded that life is too damn cruel, With futures depending on grades made in school. When all of sudden, our door opened wide, And Patron Saint , Mr. Put It Off stubled inside. His spirit was stoned, his manner was mellow, All of a sudden, he started to bellow. On Cliff Notes, and Crib Notes, on Last Year Exams. On Wingit and Slingit and Last Minute Crams. His message delivered he vanished from sight. Bet we heard him laughting ourside in the night. Your teachers have pegged you as freaks, so do you best. Happy Finals to all and to all a good test. Poetry and Poets

Humane trapping essays

Humane trapping essays Humane Trapping is the capture of a animal without pain. Humane trapping is really up to the trapper. If you have a good skilled trapper who respects animals, the animals he traps will feel little or no pain. If you have a trapper who doesnt care about the animals the animal will probably feel excruciating pain. The animal rights activists videotape the animals that the bad trappers catch. Trapping is the capture of animals by means of a physical system or device. A trap may be designed to kill, injure, or preserve the captured animal; those that use nooses are also known as snares. Frequently the trap makes use of a lure such as food (including live animals) or-particularly for insects-a species-specific sexual attractant. Humane traps really aren't all that humane! Surprised? You shouldn't be if you have read this far. The fact is that so called "live traps" can really be quite cruel. For example, a squirrel trapped in a box trap (we don't call them live traps because it is too vague a term; in fact footholds and sometimes snares are live traps). Squirrels often panic and will actually die from fright in the cage. Of course we haven't even mentioned the situations where squirrels freeze to death in the winter cold. So what would be more humane? A kill trap placed over the squirrel den opening, where it has a reasonable chance to die quickly? Or a box trap where it has the chance to die from exposure? Foot-hold traps are more selective than we are telling you. In my prospective, every trap is ultimately non-selective. That is every trap can potentially capture a non-target animal. Just like every hunter can potentially shoot an unwanted target. However, the problem isn't as bad as animal rights activists would like you to believe. They conveniently forget that the trapper is half of the trapping equation. animal rights activists consistently ignore how the experience of the trapper impacts the effectiveness ...

Internet Addiction from an Economic Perspective Essay

Internet Addiction from an Economic Perspective - Essay Example The data collected provided the necessary information to analyze different sections and combine the data in different ways to determine if any of the participants are likely to show symptoms of Internet addiction. The results of the study are outlined and figures and tables are included to offer more insight into the way the study was conducted. From the introduction of computers to the continued advancements in technology, the use of the Internet and social networking sites have continued to grow. The technology age went through several changes throughout the past half a century. The technology innovation phase began in 1964 until 1974. By 1975 computers were being introduced into the educational arena as the institutional phase took over from 1975 through 1995. This was the introduction of computers to school age students and those who were interested got in on the ground floor. By 1996 the commercialization phase had pushed through the country and is continuing today stronger than ever (Laudon & Traver, 2012). With such an emphasis being placed on the use of the Internet and many businesses and organizations incorporating technology into the daily routine, to keep up with the business market that has now gone global, it’s no wonder the Internet has become an addictive tool. This paper will look at the background of the problem of Internet use and the possibility of the addiction that is portrayed by some users as they forgo regular normal daily routine to remain connected to the Internet for social purposes, gaming experiences, and surfing and shopping the Internet. The problem and purpose will be itemized and outlined for clarity. The sample group will be discussed and the criteria for choosing the participants, how many will be included in the study, reasons for exclusion, and other demographics necessary to fully outline the research sample group. The research significance for why the study is being done, along with the nature of the study that pro vides details of the study that help form the parameters for the collection of data. A review of the literature and narrowed topics selectively included in this section will provide a past, present, and future of the pending problem of Internet addiction. The research method of using qualitative and quantitative styles to collect pertinent information will be included, as well as the actual research questions, interview questions, survey questions, and observational data. Data collection will be itemized and categorized in this paper to allow easy access and clarity of the subject and analyzed outcomes. Internal and external validity will be explained and the results of the study provided. By covering all of the sections within this paper, the reader will be able to follow the progress of the study. Background of Problem Addiction has been defined in the past as a substance that alters a person’s reactions to normal daily routine or thought process (Tomer, 2001). At first, th e state of addiction was centered on the use of illegal drugs. The scope was then

The Cell Cycle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 20

The Cell Cycle - Essay Example Meiosis is a form of cell division that results in the formation of haploid gametes. In meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes are separated. The first phase is prophase I where the chromosome condenses and pairs to recombine. The second is metaphase I that involves attachment of chromosomes to the spindle fibers and aligns with the call center. At anaphase I, the chromosomes migrate to opposite poles while spindle fibers shorten. The last phase is telophase I where there is the formation of the nuclear membrane.However, meiosis II involves separation of the chromosomes to form two chromatids. The phases in meiosis II include prophase II, where there is dissolving of the nuclear membrane, condensing of chromosomes and the formation of spindle fibers. In Metaphase II, chromosomes align at the center of attachment of spindle fibers. Anaphase II follows; chromatids migrate to opposite poles while spindle fibers shorten. The last phase is telophase II where there is the formation of the n uclear membrane. Finally, the cytokinesis occurs resulting in the formation of four haploid cells.In prophase I, anaphase I and anaphase II there is crossing over that lead to the formation of four unique chromatids hence increasing genetic variation. Crossing over is vital in the evolution since it brings emergence of species that are more adapted and resistant in the environment. The two-fold cost of sexual reproduction refers to where members must produce both male and female sexes during reproduction.

The topic is Young Goldman Brown. discuss the readings. What did you Essay

The topic is Young Goldman Brown. discuss the readings. What did you think of each of the stories Did it have any meaning in your life Is it still relevant today Things you didn't like - Essay Example Goodman seems that he believed in his father and grandfather until he met the elderly man in the forest who could be the devil: the old man claimed that he knew both of them. The old man, however, proves his erroneousness when he asserts that even Faith is corrupted. He seems to trust Faith exceedingly and has to consult with her every time he necessitates anything. Goodman lacks a true religion, and this makes him susceptible to transformations and his faith shaken. Hawthorne, however, believes that the Puritan religion is exceptionally corrupted since most of its followers also have a dark side including the founders- his grandfather and father. Although the activities that occurred in the forest are not evidently stated whether they are real or a dream, Goodman’s life and beliefs will never be the same again since either way he would still be distressed. In today’s societal setting, one has to choose what to believe, but it should not be too distant from the beliefs of others. Young people should not be influenced by their ancestor’s beliefs, and should do what they are contented with; this makes these readings relevant today. The things I did not like is the fact that Goodman had to consult with Faith when he wanted to do anything, showing how he was unable to make his own

Odyssey Theme Paper :: essays research papers

The Odyssey Theme Paper   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Odyssey is mainly about the tribulations of a great hero; that hero would be Odysseus. Although Odysseus does not appear in this epic until the fifth book, he is still the main character. Odysseus, whom I will call the hero, has many tribulations in this epic. Read on to see what I mean.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This story starts right after the Trojan War; the Greeks have won, thanks to one of Odysseus’ great ideas. All the kings are now trying to get back home to their families. Odysseus, however, will have the most problems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first place Odysseus goes after the war is the land of the Ciconians. He and his men raid the island and destroy the village. However the next day, more Ciconians arrive and defeat Odysseus and his men. Several men are killed, and Odysseus experiences his first of many sorrows and tribulations. Next, the hero goes to the land of the lotus-eaters. Some of his men eat the lotus plant and instantly want to stay there and never leave. Odysseus manages to get his men away from the island, and they leave. Then the hero arrives at the home of Polyphemos. Polyphemos is a huge cyclops and also a cannibal. Odysseus and twelve of his men are trapped inside Polyphemos’ cave and can’t get out. Polyphemos comes back and eats some of the hero’s men. The next night Odysseus gets the cyclops drunk on wine, and when it falls asleep, Odysseus and his remaining men blind it with a large pole. He and his men barely escape with their lives and continue on the voyage. The hero soon lands on Aeolus’ island. (Aeolus is the Keeper of the Winds.) He helps Odysseus on his way by giving him the right winds to take him home to Ithaca. The hero gets within site of his home but a hurricane blows him all the way back to Aeolus’ island. This time Aeolus turns Odysseus away, and he is forced to continue his journey. The hero and his men next end up in the Land of the Midnight Sun, where the Laestrygonians live. The Laesrtygonians attack the men and sink eleven of the twelve ships. Only Odysseus’ ship and forty-four men escape to safety. This is one of the most painful tribulations Odysseus faces on his journey. Soon afterwards, Odysseus and his now small crew arrive on Circe’s island.

Applying Behavioral Theory to an Innovative School-Based Program for Preventing Underage Drinking and Impaired Driving

Edwena Corley African American Future A Review and Analysis of the American Journal of Health Studies’ Article Applying Behavioral Theory to an Innovative School-Based Program For Preventing Underage Drinking and Impaired Driving Diane Everett September 24, 2012 The article yields to the dangerous reality that underage drinking is a problem. The article further notes that it is also met publicity that peaks and shifts throughout decades.Currently all drunk drivers are being targeted on a national scale, but teen driving is not being addressed head on as it had been previously. One model and theory, the transtheoretical model and the social cognitive theory, were presented within the article in an effort to explain why underage drinking takes place and also why adolescents who have been drinking, regardless of whether or not they are intoxicated, believe that they are able to function and drive at the same rate and with the same control as when they are sober.They also present solutions at interpersonal and community levels. The interpersonal level of change seeks to alter peer influence and the community level promotes positive behaviors such as abstaining from alcohol and denounces negative behaviors such as drinking and driving. The latter is generally presented in the form of real life scenarios. Price et al. (2009) notes that alcohol is the premier drug of choice for adolescents, with the onset of underage drinking occurring, on average, around age 13.In 2001, 13% percent of high school students reported operating a vehicle on one of more occasions after or while drinking alcohol, and 31% reported being a passenger to a peer who had been drinking. These statistics are startling but not as much as the following facts derived from that same year: 3,608 drivers between the ages of 15 and 20 were killed and an additional 337,000 were injured in car crashes. Approximately 25% of drivers between the ages of 16 and 19 who are killed in crashes were legally intoxicated.Peer pressure, the liberal attitudes that parents possess toward underage drinking, and also the concentrated levels of alcohol advertising campaigns have been identified as roots causes of underage drinking. Some parents believe it is acceptable if their children and their friends drink as long as they are purchasing the alcohol for them, and are monitoring their use of the substance in home (Price et al. , 2009). The article mentions a program known as Shattered Dreams sought to weed out the issues or variables that influence underage drinking.The data gathered from this program was used to bring about awareness and offer solutions. The transtheoretical model that the authors propose for the execution of combative solution to the issue of underage drinking and driving has five stages: pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. The precontemplation stage deals with the subject being in denial about their problematic behavior, while in the co ntemplation stage the subject realizes that a problem exists, however they have not yet begun to take steps toward correcting the issue(s) at hand.The preparation stage acts a mile marker because it is suggestive of the subject actually making a conscious decision to change their problematic behavior by utilizing their newly acquire skills and continuing to learn new skills that are conducive to more effective and continuous change. The action stage speaks for itself, as the subject then begins to put into motion the new behaviors that will replace the negative behaviors. Maintenance, the final stage of the transtheoretical model, focuses on consistency (Price et al. 2009). Teenagers, more than any other group of people believe that they are invincible, which is why underage drinking and driving is an issue; it is also why sexually transmitted diseases spread rapidly throughout high schools, and why teenage pregnancy is continuing to spiral out of control. Teenagers are often in den ial for multiple reasons; the primary reason being not wanting to feel vulnerable. The admittance of fault makes an individual feel as though they are inferior of someone or something.Admitting that one’s underage drinking is an issue could also mean no longer bring viewed as cool or part of the in crowd, because peer pressure plays a huge role in teenage social interactions. To overcome denial still does not mean that one is ready to go forth in terms of discontinuing their drinking, or drinking and opting to find a designated driver. The ultimate goal of the teenager should be to abstain because they have yet to reach the age of maturity in their state where if they would then be lawful to purchase alcohol.When an underage driver decides to abstain from alcohol altogether because they are aware that it is a crime, they must also realize that drinking and getting behind the wheel of a motor vehicle is hazardous to themselves, and also anyone else with whom they share the roa d. When applying the transtheoretical model to underage drinking and driving, precontemplation occurs when the underage person realizes that they are endangering the lives of many, but they still drink due to both obvious and unforeseen reasons (i. e. peer pressure and/or undiagnosed depression).If the adolescent suffers from depression that is unfounded to a healthcare professional, they may choose to participate in other problematic behaviors which cause them to be further engulfed in a lifestyle that will prove to be even more complicated to change. The contemplation stage may be reached when something monumental transpires, such as a close friend dying in a car accident because they too chose to drink and drive. This stage brings about a sense of urgency to change, be it brought on by fear or a true desire to change.Whatever the matter, the individual will benefit if they are willing to take the steps to help themselves. When undergoing the preparation stage the at-risk adolesce nt may seek help from a parent by asking them to set up an appointment with a therapist, depending on the severity of the alcohol related behaviors. If the drinking has reached a very reckless stage then the adolescent may meet with their parent and a healthcare professional to discuss being admitted to an institution. The action stage would consist of the teen actually going to a session of therapy.Furthermore, if the therapist proposes that the client also attend alcoholic anonymous (AA) meetings, they would be wise to attend as it compliments their treatment. If the teen is aware that they need to be in an alcohol treatment facility they would follow through with their plan to be admitted on their admit date. The most important part of the action stage is the maintenance stage because they go hand in hand. Attending only one therapy session and one AA meeting will not help or heal the issue. To be consistent with one’s treatment insures far more belief in oneself to abstai n for newly introduced reasons.The maintenance stage within an alcohol treatment facility is both simple and complex in nature. While in the facility the professionals house therein will see to it that mandatory sobriety is maintained, but the tricky part is remaining abstinent upon one’s release from the institution. The way that the social cognitive theory (SCT) fits into this model is simple. It climbs through all of the stages, rearranging the social aspects of it and calling for a sense of initiative in maintaining self-efficacy. According to Bandura (1986) and Price et al. 2009) social cognitive theory (SCT) assumes that people, their behavior, and their environments interact continuously and that specific mediators facilitate behavioral change. Thus if peer pressure is the root of underage drinking, then modifying of social spheres is necessary, but due to the self-efficacy aspect, it is the prerogative of the subject or adolescent to denounce troublesome friendships a nd establish new healthy ones. It is in no way possible to undergo treatment and continue to hang out with peers who drink and drive.Even if the new-found abstinent teen continues to act as a passenger to the intoxicated party, they may lose their lives in a fatal accident as a result. The specific mediators that are to encourage the behavioral evolution of the subject would be the aforementioned healthcare professions, parents, or a combination of both. While drinking and driving will more than likely continue to be a problem the ages, the best way to tackle it is to bring about a sense of enlightenment and urgency among teens.This has been done through preliminary findings that are indicative of improved student awareness of the risks and consequences of underage drinking and driving and suggested that students' expectations about alcohol use were less positive after participation in the program (Price et al. , 2009). Furthermore, other programs, in certain states and school distr icts across the nation vehicles that have been involved in drunk driving accidents have been approved for placement outside of high school, on the lawn or next to the signage While some students view it as a scare tactic, it is proven to work for others.The students who are unfazed by it, perceive it as a prop, but the horror is that those same individuals who do not accept the change that is imperative to protect their family, friends and ultimately themselves will more than likely end up dying in one of those cars; thereafter their vehicle or the vehicle of their victim being placed outside someone else’s school. The overall goal of this article was to urge helping professionals to bring to light the issue of underage drinking and driving but approach it as hinting that the student involved have an issue and leaving them to evolve on their own.This is because teenagers generally warm up to positive behavior faster and are more apt to accept participate in said behaviors, if they believe it was their idea, versus it being forced upon them.Bibliography Price, M. A. , Salazar, C. I. , Villarreal, C. L. , Guerra, C. M. , Villarreal, R. , ;amp; Stewart, R. M. (2009). Applying Behavioral Theory To an Innovative School-Based Program For Preventing Underage Drinking and Impaired. American Journal of Health Studies, 24(1), 223-231. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

What is homosexuality Homosexuality is the romantic or...

What is homosexuality? Homosexuality is the romantic or sexual attraction or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender. What is same sex marriage? Same sex marriage is marriage between two people of the same sex. The legal recognition of same-sex marriage or the possibility to perform same-sex marriage is called marriage equality or equal marriage. The recognition of same-sex marriage is a political, social, human rights, civil rights, and religious issue in many nations around the world, and there are continuous debates over whether same-sex couples should be allowed to marry or to hold a civil union, or to be denied these rights. What is Judaism? Judaism is the religion, philosophy, and the way of life of the Jewish†¦show more content†¦Conservative Judaism, or the Conservative Movement, has the most mixed response to homosexuality. Since 1992 Conservative Jews have strongly encouraged the welcoming of homosexual people as members of Conservative synagogues . â€Å"Conservative Judaism considers halakhah, or Jewish law, to be binding, but believes that the details and interpretations of the law can evolve as Jewish life evolves through traditional modes of rabbinic study and modern critical scholarship† (â€Å"Stances†). However, many homosexuality issues were met with little consensus with the Conservative Jews for many years. For many years, Conservative Jews did not allow the ordination of openly practicing homosexuals. If Conservative Rabbis performed same-sex commitment ceremonies, they did so without the Law Committee’s sanctions. â€Å"In December 2006 the Law Committee of the Conservative Movement voted to accept two positions, one stating that the Conservative Movement does not authorize same-sex marriages, and one permitting Conservative rabbis to conduct same-sex commitment ceremonies† (Powers). In June of 2012, the Committee voted 13 to 0 to formally approve gay marriage ceremonies. The Reform mo vement, or ReformShow MoreRelatedHomosexuality1131 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish IV Period 6 18 November 2013 Homosexuality Homosexuality is the sexual orientation toward people of the same sex. Female homosexuals are referred to as Lesbians. Years ago, the term gay has been applied to both homosexual women and men. The potential for homosexual behavior appears to be a basic part of human sexuality, since many people experience homosexual interest, curiosity, or activity at some point in their lives. Homosexual behavior has also been observed in most animal speciesRead MoreMy Views On Sexuality And Its Effect On The Representation Of Masculinity1237 Words   |  5 Pagesof Same-Sex Attraction was one of these, although I enjoyed the stories and concepts he brought forward. What I missed, however, was an emphasis on the concept of attraction on multiple levels that extend beyond sexuality and a stronger discussion of the reoccurring traits seen in gay male youth. I know we’ll be touching on homosexuality and masculinity later in the semester, so I will try to avoid breaking into that. Instead I wi ll focus my interests in the idea of attractions and what effects thisRead MoreEssay about Sexual Ethics: Gay Marriage Should Not Be Allowed1343 Words   |  6 Pagestopic of homosexuality and whether it is morally acceptable or unacceptable is brought up on a daily occurrence. Many individuals believe that homosexuality is a problem and ceremonies such as gay marriage should not be allowed. However, what is it that makes homosexuality considered wrong? Critics argue that homosexuality goes against the Bible—the word of God—and is immoral. 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In the Victorian language of touch, a kiss or an embrace was a pure gesture of deep affection at least as much as it was an act of sexual expression, says Anthony Rotundo, attempting to define the boundaries between romantic friendship and erotic love, in relation to same gender friendshipsRead MoreThe Issue Of Sexual Orientation1090 Words   |  5 Pagesregarding sexual orientation is vast, and a lot of different definitions of the concept have been introduced throughout time. Nevertheless, although homosexuality is fairly common in the United States, many people still misunderstand it. The different types of sexual orientations and their difference from other sexual-related terms, such as gender role and gender identity, are all confused by the general population. Sadly, even today, there are people that believe in a right or wrong sexual orientationRead MoreGay Marriage And Its Slow Progression Of Acceptance1441 Words   |  6 Pagesas more time passes. According to the American Psychological Association, sexual orientation refers to the sex or sexual interest to whom one is sexually and romantically attracted to. Heterosexua lity, homosexuality and bisexuality are the three mostly familiar categories of sexual orientation for a typical person, and these sexualities make up for 98.9% of the sexual orientation among American adults (Ward 1, et al). But what about the other 1.1% of sexualities? While these three categories continue